Balanced suspension type

Release time:

2024-01-04 10:08

After loading cargo, a heavy-duty truck generally has about 2/3 of the load borne by the rear axle. However, current regulations and actual conditions limit the axle load to not exceed the allowable range. To prevent the rear axle from bearing excessive loads and to reduce the ground pressure on the rear wheels, major automobile manufacturers now adopt methods to increase the number of axles and tires to enhance load capacity. Therefore, modern heavy-duty trucks typically have more than two axles, usually being multi-axle vehicles with three axles. When multi-axle vehicles travel on uneven surfaces, they should ensure that all wheels maintain good contact with the ground, just like two-axle vehicles. If the middle and rear axles of a three-axle vehicle have independent suspensions like the front axle, it is likely that some wheels may become suspended. Even if they do not become suspended, the vertical loads distributed to each wheel can vary significantly, resulting in some wheels having very small vertical loads while others have very large loads. If the vertical load on the steering wheel decreases or even becomes zero, it will cause the wheel to lose traction, greatly reducing the vehicle's operational stability. If the vertical load on the driving wheel decreases or even becomes zero, it will not generate sufficient driving force, significantly reducing the vehicle's traction performance. Uneven axle load distribution can also lead to excessive loads on certain axles, posing a risk of overload.

To address the potential issues mentioned above, multi-axle vehicles typically use a balanced suspension structure. A balancing mechanism is hinged on the frame between two axles (such as the middle and rear axles in a three-axle vehicle). Thus, when one wheel is raised, the rotation of the balancing mechanism will lower the other wheel. If the two arms of the balancing mechanism are of equal length, it can ensure that the vertical loads on the two axles are equal under any circumstances, preventing wheel suspension and unequal vertical loads on the two axles.

After decades of development, the design methods and technologies for balanced suspensions have gradually matured. Various types of balanced suspensions have also been developed according to the vehicle's Applications.

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